10. 哪些人应考虑去做艾滋病病毒抗体的检测? 有下列情况应考虑去做艾滋病病毒抗体检测: (1)曾经有高危险行为的人。如多性伴者，男同性恋或男男性行为者，卖淫嫖娼者，共用注射器吸毒者及他们的性伴等; (2)在感染者较多的地区或血液安全没有保障的条件下接受过输血的人; (3) 艾滋病病毒抗体阳性的妇女所生的婴儿; (4) 艾滋病病毒抗体阳性者的配偶。
11. 艾滋病病毒抗体检测的原则是什么?
(1) 自愿:是否接受艾滋病抗体的检测完全根据个人意愿，自己做出选择。他人无权干涉。 (2) 匿名:进行艾滋病抗体检测可以不使用真实的姓名、工作单位等个人信息。 (3) 保密: 检测的结果和有关的一切资料都是保密的。除非检测者本人同意，否则你的父母、配偶或性伴侣、朋友和单位的领导都不会知道你的检测结果。HIV Testing
Key words: HIV World AIDS Day to Combat HIV AIDS testing window period
1. What is the HIV antibody test?
HIV antibody testing is the most widely used HIV diagnostic laboratory testing. HIV-infected human body produce antibodies, the World Health Network (health.icxo.com) As a result, the check-out, it must be the existence of the virus. At the same time, also has proved to be infected with HIV. Therefore, applications are usually HIV antibody testing, as evidence of infection.
2. Why do not antigen detection and virus isolation methods to determine whether the HIV infection?
Although the antigen test can be used under certain circumstances, but because of their sensitivity is not high enough, your price, and can only detect antibodies than 1 week in advance about the test of time, it is not commonly used.
Virus isolation in particular need of clean laboratory, and expensive, virus isolation positive rate of only 30% - 60%, therefore the main method used for laboratory research.
As a result, the current clinical use of the conventional method is to detect HIV antibodies.
3. What is the HIV screening test and confirmatory test?
Conventional HIV antibody test by screening tests and tests confirmed the two components of testing. First of all, to carry out screening tests, screening test of high sensitivity, a positive screening test must be done to further confirmatory test, test specificity and corroboration. Confirmatory test positive can be diagnosed as HIV-infected.
4. Why is HIV-positive screening test must also do tests confirm?
Once due to make a diagnosis of HIV infection, patients must be brought to the huge medical, psychological and social consequences, and is currently used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the low-risk population of poor specificity, it must be the other way Authentication, the most commonly used method is to verify the Western blot test (WB) are what we call the confirmatory test.
5. Conclusive evidence for the HIV antibody test results were positive, what?
Conclusive evidence for HIV-positive:
(1) of the subjects have been infected with the AIDS virus;
(2) of the subjects have HIV in the body is infected with HIV or AIDS patients:
(3) of the subjects may have transmitted the virus to others.
6. Diagnosed HIV antibody test results were negative, what?
There are two possible negative results:
(1) - subjects are not infected with HIV;
(2) Second, despite being infected with HIV, but have not yet sufficient to detect the antibody, is still a window period. If indeed there was high-risk behavior, follow-up to 3-6 months.
"According to the National AIDS testing specification (2004 edition) with the relevant provisions: If the recent high-risk behavior, such as promiscuity, such as injecting drug users, or acute flu-like symptoms, and so on, in order to exclude the" window period "and the emergence of false-negative As a result, the proposed high-risk behavior within 3 months after the detection of antibodies to do when. Can carry out HIV-1 P24 Antigen, or HIV nucleic acid testing, as a diagnosis.
If the test results to "HIV antibody uncertainty (±)", need to deal with the following: (1) follow-up review: every 3 months follow-up review 1st, 2nd in a row, a total of 6 months. If you detect when exposed to more than 3 months, 3 months after the follow-up to 1. (2), if necessary, to do HIV-1 P24 Antigen, or HIV nucleic acid determination, but the results can only be based on the diagnosis and confirmation of the report should be based on the serological results of the follow-up.
7. Window period What does this mean? Understand what is the point?
Human being infected with HIV, the virus to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies that reach a certain number of antibodies, in blood and other body fluids to detect. From antibodies to HIV could be detected during this period of time known as the "window period." Window - like 2 weeks to 3 months, a very small number of responses may be delayed until 6 months. Understanding of the significance of the window period are as follows:
(1) If there is the history of high-risk behavior or suspicious symptoms, the initial check for the HIV antibody negative should be considered if the "window period", according to the guidance of a doctor make an appointment to review.
(2) waiting for the results of the review period, it is necessary to calm state of mind, there must be mentally prepared for the event has been infected, and the Department just window, check for HIV antibodies, although negative, but the body has the virus, has been contagious, At this point, the need to prevent the spread to others. In other words, in this period to avoid any high-risk behavior, such as safe sex, do not share syringes, blood donation is not for women to avoid pregnancy or breast-feeding, and so on.
8. Early diagnosis of HIV infection have any significance?
Some believe that AIDS treatment since there is no cure, has not found out, do not want to conduct HIV antibody testing. In fact, early diagnosis, early treatment is beneficial not only slow the progression of the disease, improve the quality of life, but also in a timely manner to protect others from infection, will help control AIDS, said the specific significance of early diagnosis of the following:
(1) changes in risk behavior in a timely manner to avoid the risk factors;
(2) to enhance self-protection on a regular basis to the hospital for examination, to prevent the occurrence of opportunistic infections; in a timely manner to carry out highly active anti-retroviral treatment, delaying the process of the disease.
(3) in time to take measures to protect others, such as the use of condoms, do a good job in family protection, and attention to sterilization, and so on;
(4) give serious consideration to the marriage, birth breast-feeding.
9. Early detection of HIV antibodies, which can get the benefits?
(1) If the test results were negative, can be lifted as soon as possible the original concern;
(2) If the positive test results, early diagnosis can be obtained in a timely manner the guidance of professional doctors, pay attention to the early adoption of a healthy lifestyle, to delay the development of AIDS, and take the necessary measures to prevent the transmission of the virus to others.
However, if handled properly, could have a bad influence, such as increasing the psychological pressure of being discriminated against, the impact on the lives of others (for example, to apply for insurance, employment, etc.).
Detection of the former general should visit a doctor who might have both positive and negative.
As a treatment, even if diagnosed as positive, optimistic calm should be, please, "Once infected with the AIDS how to do" related content.
10. Who do should consider HIV antibody test?
Consideration should be given to any of the following do HIV antibody testing:
(1) there was a high-risk behavior. If the number of sexual partners, gay or MSM, prostitution, drug addicts sharing syringes and their partners, and so on;
(2) in the infected areas or more blood does not guarantee the safety conditions of the people who have received blood transfusion;
(3) HIV-positive babies born to women;
(4) HIV-positive spouse.
11. HIV antibody testing on the principle that what?
(1) voluntary: whether or not to accept HIV antibody testing according to their personal will to make their own choices. Others have no right to interfere.
(2) Anonymous: AIDS antibody testing may not use his real name, work unit, and other personal information.
(3) confidentiality: the results of the testing and all information is confidential. Unless I agree with those who detect, or your parents, spouses or sexual partners, friends and leaders will not know your test results.
Key words: HIV World AIDS Day to Combat HIV AIDS testing window period
1. What is the HIV antibody test?
HIV antibody testing is the most widely used HIV diagnostic laboratory testing. HIV-infected human body produce antibodies, the World Health Network (health.icxo.com) As a result, the check-out, it must be the existence of the virus. At the same time, also has proved to be infected with HIV. Therefore, applications are usually HIV antibody testing, as evidence of infection.
2. Why do not antigen detection and virus isolation methods to determine whether the HIV infection?
Although the antigen test can be used under certain circumstances, but because of their sensitivity is not high enough, your price, and can only detect antibodies than 1 week in advance about the test of time, it is not commonly used.
Virus isolation in particular need of clean laboratory, and expensive, virus isolation positive rate of only 30% - 60%, therefore the main method used for laboratory research.
As a result, the current clinical use of the conventional method is to detect HIV antibodies.
3. What is the HIV screening test and confirmatory test?
Conventional HIV antibody test by screening tests and tests confirmed the two components of testing. First of all, to carry out screening tests, screening test of high sensitivity, a positive screening test must be done to further confirmatory test, test specificity and corroboration. Confirmatory test positive can be diagnosed as HIV-infected.
4. Why is HIV-positive screening test must also do tests confirm?
Once due to make a diagnosis of HIV infection, patients must be brought to the huge medical, psychological and social consequences, and is currently used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the low-risk population of poor specificity, it must be the other way Authentication, the most commonly used method is to verify the Western blot test (WB) are what we call the confirmatory test.
5. Conclusive evidence for the HIV antibody test results were positive, what?
Conclusive evidence for HIV-positive:
(1) of the subjects have been infected with the AIDS virus;
(2) of the subjects have HIV in the body is infected with HIV or AIDS patients:
(3) of the subjects may have transmitted the virus to others.
6. Diagnosed HIV antibody test results were negative, what?
There are two possible negative results:
(1) - subjects are not infected with HIV;
(2) Second, despite being infected with HIV, but have not yet sufficient to detect the antibody, is still a window period. If indeed there was high-risk behavior, follow-up to 3-6 months.
"According to the National AIDS testing specification (2004 edition) with the relevant provisions: If the recent high-risk behavior, such as promiscuity, such as injecting drug users, or acute flu-like symptoms, and so on, in order to exclude the" window period "and the emergence of false-negative As a result, the proposed high-risk behavior within 3 months after the detection of antibodies to do when. Can carry out HIV-1 P24 Antigen, or HIV nucleic acid testing, as a diagnosis.
If the test results to "HIV antibody uncertainty (±)", need to deal with the following: (1) follow-up review: every 3 months follow-up review 1st, 2nd in a row, a total of 6 months. If you detect when exposed to more than 3 months, 3 months after the follow-up to 1. (2), if necessary, to do HIV-1 P24 Antigen, or HIV nucleic acid determination, but the results can only be based on the diagnosis and confirmation of the report should be based on the serological results of the follow-up.
7. Window period What does this mean? Understand what is the point?
Human being infected with HIV, the virus to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies that reach a certain number of antibodies, in blood and other body fluids to detect. From antibodies to HIV could be detected during this period of time known as the "window period." Window - like 2 weeks to 3 months, a very small number of responses may be delayed until 6 months. Understanding of the significance of the window period are as follows:
(1) If there is the history of high-risk behavior or suspicious symptoms, the initial check for the HIV antibody negative should be considered if the "window period", according to the guidance of a doctor make an appointment to review.
(2) waiting for the results of the review period, it is necessary to calm state of mind, there must be mentally prepared for the event has been infected, and the Department just window, check for HIV antibodies, although negative, but the body has the virus, has been contagious, At this point, the need to prevent the spread to others. In other words, in this period to avoid any high-risk behavior, such as safe sex, do not share syringes, blood donation is not for women to avoid pregnancy or breast-feeding, and so on.
8. Early diagnosis of HIV infection have any significance?
Some believe that AIDS treatment since there is no cure, has not found out, do not want to conduct HIV antibody testing. In fact, early diagnosis, early treatment is beneficial not only slow the progression of the disease, improve the quality of life, but also in a timely manner to protect others from infection, will help control AIDS, said the specific significance of early diagnosis of the following:
(1) changes in risk behavior in a timely manner to avoid the risk factors;
(2) to enhance self-protection on a regular basis to the hospital for examination, to prevent the occurrence of opportunistic infections; in a timely manner to carry out highly active anti-retroviral treatment, delaying the process of the disease.
(3) in time to take measures to protect others, such as the use of condoms, do a good job in family protection, and attention to sterilization, and so on;
(4) give serious consideration to the marriage, birth breast-feeding.
9. Early detection of HIV antibodies, which can get the benefits?
(1) If the test results were negative, can be lifted as soon as possible the original concern;
(2) If the positive test results, early diagnosis can be obtained in a timely manner the guidance of professional doctors, pay attention to the early adoption of a healthy lifestyle, to delay the development of AIDS, and take the necessary measures to prevent the transmission of the virus to others.
However, if handled properly, could have a bad influence, such as increasing the psychological pressure of being discriminated against, the impact on the lives of others (for example, to apply for insurance, employment, etc.).
Detection of the former general should visit a doctor who might have both positive and negative.
As a treatment, even if diagnosed as positive, optimistic calm should be, please, "Once infected with the AIDS how to do" related content.
10. Who do should consider HIV antibody test?
Consideration should be given to any of the following do HIV antibody testing:
(1) there was a high-risk behavior. If the number of sexual partners, gay or MSM, prostitution, drug addicts sharing syringes and their partners, and so on;
(2) in the infected areas or more blood does not guarantee the safety conditions of the people who have received blood transfusion;
(3) HIV-positive babies born to women;
(4) HIV-positive spouse.
11. HIV antibody testing on the principle that what?
(1) voluntary: whether or not to accept HIV antibody testing according to their personal will to make their own choices. Others have no right to interfere.
(2) Anonymous: AIDS antibody testing may not use his real name, work unit, and other personal information.
(3) confidentiality: the results of the testing and all information is confidential. Unless I agree with those who detect, or your parents, spouses or sexual partners, friends and leaders will not know your test results.
