性传播疾病会增加感染艾滋病的风险

刘君 原创 | 2009-05-12 11:00 | 收藏 | 投票

性传播疾病会增加感染艾滋病的风险

在生活中,并不需要每个人都成为专业的医生,但是对于一些常见疾病的预防和治疗需要有一个常识性的了解和认识,从艾滋病防治的角度来说,性传播疾病会增加感染艾滋病的风险是一个确定无疑的事实,而对于性的禁忌又往往让人羞于公开讨论性传播疾病,以至于很多人在性传播疾病上面不仅存在误区,而且忌讳就医就诊,延误病情,增加感染艾滋病的风险。

预防和治疗性传播疾病最重要的一点就是到医院及时接受正规的诊疗,并且保证自己的性伴也能接受检查和治疗。

 

什么是性传播疾病?

 

性传播疾病又称性传播感染、性病,是通过人类之间的性接触(阴道交,口交,或肛交)进行传播的一种疾病或感染。有些性传播疾病还可以通过母体传给婴儿,并通过共用注射器具进行传播。

 

为什么要关注性传播疾病?

 

·它们表明患者具有高危性行为,并且容易感染艾滋病病毒。

·由于刺激和表皮炎症,从而艾滋病病毒进入体内提供了机会,因此明确地增加了发生艾滋病病毒传播的机会。

 

性传播疾病有什么症状?

 

这因性传播疾病的种类而异。性传播疾病可能会导致生殖器官本身出现症状,也可能在阴道、阴茎或肛门周围的皮肤出现症状,也可能引发整个人体系统的症状,导致在身体的其他部位出现问题。

其他的性传播疾病(例如衣原体、淋病、人类乳头瘤病毒、乙型肝炎,以及生殖器疱疹)往往不会出现任何症状。所以,无症状的感染者可能不会意识到自己已经感染;虽然如此,他们对其他人来说仍然可能具有传染性。

性传播疾病可能出现的症状包括:

1. 尿频,这也可能是膀胱感染的症状之一;2. 在阴茎或肛门出现溃疡或疮;3. 腹股沟周围或屁股之间瘙痒;4. 阴茎流脓,和/或小便疼痛;5. 其他。

 

为什么我们应当留心那些无症状的性传播疾病?

 

无症状的性传播疾病可以传染给他人并导致严重的并发症,尤其在感染者没有获得治疗的时候。一个患有性传播疾病的人,感染其他性病的风险也会更高。

 

性传播疾病能否预防?

 

避免有风险的性行为,可以减小感染性传播疾病的风险。可以采取以下措施,减小风险:

• 在口交、肛交、阴道交中使用安全套。

• 使用水性润滑剂,尤其是在肛交的时候。

• 减少性伴人数。

• 如果你最近接受过或正在接受某种性传播疾病的治疗,你就必须确保你的性伴也接受治疗,以此来避免再次感染。性伴即使没有任何症状,也应当接受治疗。

• 不要共用性玩具——如果共用,在你每一次和不同的伴侣使用它们的时候,都必须在外面罩一个新的安全套。

• 保持生殖器卫生。

 

为什么性传播疾病与HIV的预防有关?

 

性传播疾病的传播方式与 HIV 极为相似,而那些患有性传播疾病而不去治疗的人,也更容易感染 HIV 并将 HIV 传播给他人。

 

为什么患有性传播疾病的人会更易感染或传播HIV?

 

性传播疾病往往在口腔、肛门或阴茎上引起生疮、损伤或擦伤,这为 HIV 感染提供了方便的“入口”。总之,在接触到病毒的情况下,性传播疾病的患者更易感染 HIV。

 

HIV和性传播疾病的区别是什么?

 

其实 HIV 也是一种性传播疾病。它属于性传播疾病中既可以通过性途径,又可以通过其他途径传播的那一类(就是说可以通过共用针具或注射器感染,通过输入被 HIV 污染的血液感染,或通过一个感染 HIV 的母亲传染给她的新生儿,这一类性传播疾病的另一个例子是乙型肝炎)。其余类型的性传播疾病则只能通过性途径传播。

 

性传播疾病能否根治?

 

由细菌引发的性传播疾病能够用医药根治,通常是在医护人员监督下使用抗生素。目前还无法根治诸如 HIV、HPV、肝炎和疱疹这一类病毒性的性传播疾病。

 

对于性传播疾病防治的关键问题是什么?

 

1,及时和正规的治疗性病:人们往往不愿意去医疗机构寻求性病治疗,经常不去治疗或者自己去药店买药治疗,获得可靠的治疗是非常重要的。

2,确保所有的性伴接受检查和治疗:人们在发生性病后,往往不愿意通知自己固定的性伴,这时候,性伴可能会被感染但并不表现出症状,甚至可以将性病反过来再传给已经治愈的自己。

 

怎样才能知道自己是否感染性传播疾病?

 

性传播疾病可能有症状,也可能没有症状。如果没有明显症状,你确认自己是否感染的唯一途径就是去性病门诊进行检测。

 

如何自检性传播疾病?

 

定期检查你的生殖器和肛门部位有没有性病的迹象,这是一分钟之内就能做到的。这种检查也同样适用于查出其他不适,如皮疹和内嵌毛。做法如下:

1. 带上一面小镜子。找一个私密的地方,脱去全身衣物。

2. 检查你的全身,尤其是那些有性接触的部位。在你的阴茎、肛门或睾丸及其周围,是否有任何疮、水疱、皮疹、瘙痒、红斑、肿粒、异味或分泌液?

• 托起睾丸,查看底下。

• 如果你没有割过包皮,应将包皮上翻。

• 查看你的肛门与睾丸之间的区域。

• 仔细检查你的阴毛,查看是否有微小的虫卵、肿块或虱虫(比如阴虱)

• 轻轻挤压你的阴茎,查看是否泌出现有异味或呈奶油色的液体(注意,男性这样做时常会出现一点分泌物,分泌本身并不意味着你患有性传播疾病。)

3. 如果你查出性传播疾病的迹象,就应当立即去性病门诊就医!大部分城市都能获得友善而保密的性病医疗服务。

如果你想确认自己没有性传播疾病,应当去诊所进行检测,因为许多性传播疾病的症状是无法自检的。

 

阴茎卫生小提示:

• 保持生殖器的清洁和健康十分重要,尤其是对保留包皮的男性来说。

• 生殖器应当每天用温和的肥皂和水清洗。

• 避免使用强力或香味浓烈的肥皂,因为它们可能刺激阴茎。

• 清洗后,应该擦干包皮底下。最好不要任其潮湿,因为这会助长细菌的滋生。

• 在性交前后都排出尿液。这样可以避免感染深入阴茎。

• 定期自检生殖器,查看有无疮、肿块、分泌物或寄生虫。

• 如果安全套导致龟头受摩擦,可以试着在安全套内面涂抹一些润滑剂,但不要过量,以免安全套可能脱落。

 

主要性传播疾病概览

 

衣原体:细菌

传播途径:阴道交,肛交,口交,用手接触眼睛,母婴传播

男性:25%为无症状。男性在小便时可有疼痛或烧灼感和/或尿道口有水样或乳样的分泌物。

女性:75%无症状。女性可能会有阴道分泌物异常,不规则的阴道出血,伴有恶心和发热的腹涌或盆腔痛。感染可以引起尿痛、血尿或尿频、尿急。

男性及女性:感染可能会累及眼睛,导致眼部发红、瘙痒和刺激感。眼部的感染可能是由于感染者接触自身生殖器部位,然后又接触眼部所致。

婴幼儿:受感染的孕妇在分免过程中可能会引起婴儿眼部的感染。

如果不治疗:可能会导致严重的并发症,诸如男性的非淋球菌性尿道炎(NGU)和女性的盆腔炎症性疾病(PID)。如继续不治疗,盆腔炎症性病常常会导致不育。婴幼儿的眼部感染如不接受治疗可能会导致失明。

可否治疗:能够用抗生素治愈。

 

淋病:细菌

传播途径:阴道交,肛交,口交,用手接触眼睛,母婴传播

男性:患者可能有尿道口浑浊(粘稠、灰黄色)脓性分泌物,排尿时有烧灼感。部分男性无感染症状。

男性和女性:可能在接触传染源后的2-10天内出现症状。

女性:通常为无症状。部分女性有阴道脓性必泌物,不规则出血、尿痛和下腹痛。

如果不治疗:导致不育。女性盆腔炎症性疾病(PID)。婴幼儿感染会导致失明。

可否治疗:能够用抗生素治愈,但耐药的品种很常见

 

生殖器疱疹:病毒

传播途径:性途径, 以及皮肤接触,母婴传播

男性和女性:此病由单纯疱疹病毒引起。有阴道,肛门或口交过程中通过皮肤与皮肤的直接接触传播。虽然部分人无症状,但大多数患者有瘙痒、刺痛或烧灼感,常常发展成生殖器或肛门周围的水疱样皮损。在接触传染源后的2-10天内现症状并持续2-3周。部分患者无症状。

如果不治疗:在感染了疱疹的患者中,33%的患者反复出现疼痛的水疱。生殖器疱疹的感染可能会增加发生宫颈癌的危险。在分娩过程中可能会感染婴儿。

可否治疗:无法根治,但感染和症状可以治疗

 

梅毒:细菌

传播途径:与带疮部位的的性接触,母婴传播

男性和女性:对男性和女性来说,梅毒的症状往往是在感染后的10天至3个月内出现在生殖器、肛门、口腔或咽喉部可以出现无痛性的硬下疳。如果在初期不给予治疗,在硬下疳出现后的3-6周内会出现皮疹,常见于手和足底部。皮疹通常也可以消退。其它症状包括脱发、咽喉疼痛、倦怠或低热。

如果不治疗:多年以后,最终可以导致心衰、失明和大脑及脊髓的受损。

可否治疗:能够用抗生素治愈

 

软下疳

男性和女性:症状为发生在阴道、阴茎和肛周部位及其周围的软的疼痛性溃疡,易出血。也可以出现腹股沟淋巴结肿大,疼痛,以及低热。

女性:很多人没有症状。可发生排尿或排便时疼痛、直肠出血、性交痛或阴道分泌物。

如果不治疗:软下疳患者非常容易感染艾滋病病毒,因为此病的溃疡易出务,从而使病毒容易侵入机体。

 

人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV):病毒

传播途径:性途径, 以及皮肤接触,母婴传播

主要症状:通常无症状,然而具有传染性;也可能出现尖锐湿疣、肛门-生殖器癌

可否治疗:无法根治感染,但可以将疣去除且可以通过疫苗来预防

 

尖锐浊疣

男性和女性:生殖器疣是由于性接触过程中病毒传播所致。通常在生殖器、肛周及咽喉部及周围以小疣体成簇生长。根据部位不同,疣体可以呈粉红色、棕色或灰色,质地柔软;也可以是灰黄色,质地较硬。不常见。

如果不治疗:生殖器疣会造成生殖器部位毁形,外观难看。治疗后可能不会造成永久性损害。

 

毛滴虫病

女性:此病是一种阴道感染,绝大多数是通过性交传播,但也可以通过潮湿物品,如湿衣物、毛巾、浴衣等传播。症状包括排尿时烧灼感,泡沫样的阴道分泌物,有异味,阴道口红肿。

男性:男性患者通常无症状,但可能会有少量分泌物和/或皮损,感觉瘙痒。

如果不治疗:可造成尿道感染。

 

盆腔炎症性疾症

仅女性:盆腔炎症性疾病会影响输卵管、子宫内膜和/或卵巢。通常由未治疗的性病所致,如衣原体或淋病,这些疾病的病原体经宫颈侵入生殖系统。虽然症状在个体间有所不同,但最常见的症状为盆腔部位的疼痛。其它的症状可以包括尿频和/或排尿地的烧灼感、突然发热、恶心或呕吐、阴道分泌物异常和/或性交出血或疼痛。

如果不治疗:导致不育或异位妊娠。

 

乙型肝炎:病毒

传播途径:性途径,共用针具,血液或母婴传播

主要症状:若干种症状,包括类流感症状,深色尿液和稀便,以及黄疸

可否治疗:无法根治感染,但可以通过疫苗来预防

 

甲型肝炎:病毒

传播途径:通过接吻和共用食具等途径的口腔传播;舔肛也是主要风险

主要症状:疲乏、恶心、呕吐

可否治疗:无法根治感染,但可以通过疫苗来预防

 

疥螨:寄生虫

传播途径:通过皮肤接触,偶尔通过衣物、毛巾,和被褥传播

主要症状:瘙痒

可否治疗:能够用杀虫药剂治愈,并需要对纺织品进行灭虫处理

 

虱:寄生虫

传播途径:通过皮肤接触,偶尔通过衣物、毛巾,和被褥传播

主要症状:瘙痒

可否治疗:能够用杀虫药剂治愈,并需要对纺织品进行灭虫处理

 

内容来源:

促进男男性接触者性健康的同伴教育和外展教育——同伴和外展教育工作者参考手册

工作场合同伴教育手册

联合国艾滋病规划署网站http://www.unaids.org.cn

中国红丝带网http://www.chain.net.cn

Sexually transmitted diseases increase the risk of HIV infection

In life, everyone does not need to become a professional doctor, but a number of common diseases for the prevention and treatment of the need for a common-sense understanding and knowledge, from the perspective of AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases will increase AIDS The risk is certainly a fact, and the taboo of people are often ashamed to openly discuss sexually transmitted diseases, so many people in the sexually transmitted diseases is not only the existence of the above errors in medical treatment and taboo, delay treatment and increase HIV infection risks.

The prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases is the most important point to the hospital to receive timely diagnosis and treatment of the formal, and to ensure that their sexual partners can also accept checks and treatment.

 

What is a sexually transmitted disease?

 

Sexually transmitted diseases, also known as sexually transmitted infections, sexually transmitted diseases through sexual contact between human beings (vaginal delivery, oral sex or anal sex) for the spread of a disease or infection. Some sexually transmitted diseases can also passed to the baby through the mother, and through sharing injection equipment spreads.

 

Why pay attention to sexually transmitted diseases?

 

They showed that patients with high-risk sexual behavior, and susceptibility to HIV.

As a result of stimulation and epidermal inflammation, HIV enters the body and thus provides an opportunity, so a clear increase in the occurrence of spreading HIV.

 

Sexually transmitted diseases What are the symptoms?

 

This is due to the types of sexually transmitted diseases vary. Sexually transmitted diseases may lead to genital symptoms themselves may also be in the vagina, penis or skin around the anus symptoms may also trigger the symptoms of the entire human body system, leading to other parts of the body problems.

Other sexually transmitted diseases (such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, human papilloma virus, hepatitis B, and genital herpes) usually will not be any symptoms. Therefore, asymptomatic infection may not have been aware of their infection; In spite of this, for others they may still be infectious.

Sexually transmitted diseases the symptoms may include:

1. Frequent urination, which may be one of the symptoms of bladder infection; 2. In the penis or anal ulcer or sore there; 3. Inguinal itching around or between the buttocks; 4. Penile discharge, and / or painful urination; 5 . other.

 

Why we should pay attention to those symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases?

 

Asymptomatic sexually transmitted diseases can be transmitted to others and lead to serious complications, especially in the infected person when there is no access to treatment. One suffering from sexually transmitted diseases, infections of other sexually transmitted diseases will also be higher risk.

 

Can the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases?

 

In order to avoid the risk of sexual behavior, infection can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases. Can take the following measures to reduce the risk:

• in oral sex, anal, vaginal delivery in the use of condoms.

• Use water-based lubricants, especially in a time when anal sex.

• reduce the number of sexual partners.

• If you recently received or are receiving some sort of sexually transmitted diseases treatment, you must ensure that your partner is also receiving treatment in order to avoid re-infection. Even in the absence of any symptoms of sexual partners should also be treated.

• Do not share sex toys - if shared, every time your partner and when to use them must be from a new condom mask.

• to maintain genital health.

 

Why are sexually transmitted diseases and the prevention of HIV?

 

The spread of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV is very similar manner, and those suffering from sexually transmitted diseases without treatment, but also more vulnerable to HIV infection and the spread of HIV to others.

 

Why suffer from sexually transmitted diseases will be more vulnerable to infection or the spread of HIV?

 

Sexually transmitted diseases are often in the mouth, anus or penis caused festered, injury or abrasions, which provides the convenience of HIV infection in the "entrance." All in all, come into contact with the case of HIV, sexually transmitted diseases, risk of infection in patients with HIV.

 

HIV and sexually transmitted diseases What is the difference?

 

In fact, HIV is a sexually transmitted diseases. It is a sexually transmitted disease through sexual means can also be spread by other means the type (that is to say, by sharing needles or syringes with infected by HIV through contaminated imported blood infection, or by a mother infected with HIV transmitted to her newborn, this type of sexually transmitted diseases is another example of B). The remaining types of sexually transmitted diseases can only spread through sexual means.

 

Can cure sexually transmitted diseases?

 

Bacterial sexually transmitted diseases caused by medicine can cure, usually under the supervision of the use of antibiotics by health care workers. It is incurable, such as HIV, HPV, hepatitis and herpes viruses of this type of sexually transmitted diseases.

 

Prevention and treatment for sexually transmitted diseases, the key question is what?

 

1, timely and regular treatment of sexually transmitted diseases: people are often reluctant to seek medical treatment of sexually transmitted diseases are often not treated themselves to a pharmacy to buy medicine or treatment, access to reliable medical treatment is very important.

2, to ensure that all examination and treatment of sexual partners: one in the case of sexually transmitted diseases are often reluctant to inform their regular sexual partners, this time, sexual partners may be infected but not show symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases can even turn has been cured, then pass on their own.

 

How can we know whether or not infected with sexually transmitted diseases?

 

Sexually transmitted diseases may have symptoms, the symptoms may not. If there are no obvious symptoms, to confirm whether your infection is the only way to detect sexually transmitted diseases clinic.

 

How self-sexually transmitted diseases?

 

Regular check of your genitals and anus are not part of the signs of sexually transmitted diseases, which is within one minute will be able to do so. This check is also applicable to identify other discomfort, such as rash and embedded hair. Practices are as follows:

1. To bring a small mirror. Find a private place to take off his clothing and body.

2. Check your whole body, especially those who come into contact with sexual parts. In your penis, and around the anus or testicles, are there any sores, blisters, skin rash, itching, redness, swelling tablets or fluid smell?

• hold the testicles, see below.

• If you do not cut off the foreskin, the foreskin should be doubled.

• See your anus and the area between the testis.

• double-check your hair, see if there is any tiny eggs, or lice insect mass (such as the pubis)

• Gently squeeze your penis, to see if there are odor or secretion was cream-colored liquid (Note that men appear to do so from time to time that secretion, secretion of itself does not mean that you are suffering from sexually transmitted diseases.)

3. If you detect signs of sexually transmitted diseases, sexually transmitted diseases should be immediately out-patient treatment! Most of the city can be friendly and sexually transmitted diseases confidential medical services.

If you want to make sure he did not sexually transmitted diseases, should be tested to the clinics, because many of the symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases can not be the self-test.

 

Penis health tips:

• Keep the genitals clean and healthy is very important, especially for the men to retain the foreskin.

• genital mutilation should be a day with mild soap and water cleansing.

• avoid the use of powerful or strong smell of soap, as they may stimulate the penis.

• After cleaning, it should be dry under the foreskin. Their best not to wet, as it would encourage the breeding of germs.

• were discharged in the urine before and after sexual intercourse. Depth the penis to avoid infection.

• regular self-genital, check sores, lumps, discharge, or parasites.

• If condoms lead to balanitis by friction, you can try applying some of condom lubricant inside, but not excessive, so as to avoid condom may fall off.

 

Overview of the main sexually transmitted diseases

 

Chlamydia: Bacteria

Route of transmission: vaginal delivery, anal sex, oral sex, hand-eye contact, mother to child transmission

Male: 25% for asymptomatic. Men may have pain when urinating or a burning sensation and / or urethra, or water-like kind of milk secretion.

Women: 75% asymptomatic. Women may have abnormal vaginal discharge, irregular vaginal bleeding, nausea and fever with abdominal or pelvic pain Chung.尿痛can cause infection, hematuria or urinary frequency, urgency.

Men and women: eye infection may be involved, resulting in eye redness, itching and irritation flu. Eye infections may be due to contact with infected person's own genitals and then the result of contact with eyes.

Infants and young children: the infected pregnant women in sub-free process may lead to infant eye infections.

If not treated: may lead to serious complications, such as male non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) and female pelvic inflammatory disease disease (PID). Such as the continued treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, pelvic inflammatory disease often lead to infertility. Infant eye infection if not treated may lead to blindness.

Can the treatment of: the ability to cure with antibiotics.

 

Gonorrhea: bacterial

Route of transmission: vaginal delivery, anal sex, oral sex, hand-eye contact, mother to child transmission

Men: The patient may be muddy urethra (viscous, sallow) purulent discharge, burning sensation when urinating. Part of men without symptoms of infection.

Men and women: possible transmission source in the 2-10 days after onset of symptoms.

Female: usually asymptomatic. Some women will have a purulent vaginal secretion complex, irregular bleeding, abdominal pain尿痛and the next.

If not treated: lead to infertility. Female pelvic inflammatory disease disease (PID). Infection in infants and young children will lead to blindness.

Can the treatment of: the ability to cure with antibiotics, but resistant varieties are common

 

Genital herpes: virus

Route of transmission: sexual way, as well as skin contact, mother to child transmission

Men and women: the disease caused by herpes simplex virus. Have vaginal, anal or oral sex with the process of the skin through direct skin contact. Although some asymptomatic, but most patients have itching, tingling or burning sensation, and often develop into genital or anal region of the blister-like lesions around. Transmission source in the 2-10 days after the symptoms are sustained 2-3 weeks. Asymptomatic in some patients.

If not treated: in patients infected with herpes, 33% of patients with recurrent pain of blisters. Genital herpes infection may increase the risk of cervical cancer. During childbirth may be infected with the baby.

Can the treatment of: incurable, but treatable infection and symptoms

 

Syphilis: bacteria

Route of transmission: a wound site and with the sexual contact, mother to child transmission

Men and women: for men and women who are often the symptoms of syphilis infection within 10 days after the 3 months to appear on the genitals, anus, mouth or throat can have a painless hard chancre. If not treated at an early stage in the hard chancre appears 3-6 weeks after the rash appears, often in the hands and feet at the bottom. Rash usually can be dissipated. Other symptoms include hair loss, sore throat, fatigue or low heat.

If not treated: many years later, and ultimately can lead to heart failure, blindness and damage the brain and spinal cord.

Can the treatment of: the ability to cure with antibiotics

 

Chancroid

Men and women: symptoms occurred in the vagina, penis and perianal sites and the surrounding soft ulcer pain, easy bleeding. Inguinal lymph nodes may also appear swollen, pain, and low heat.

Female: no symptoms, many people. Can occur when urination or defecation pain, rectal bleeding, painful intercourse or vaginal secretions.

If not treated: very easy chancroid patients infected with HIV, because of the ulcer disease that works easily, so that the virus penetrated the body easily.

 

Human papilloma virus (HPV): viral

Route of transmission: sexual way, as well as skin contact, mother to child transmission

Main symptoms: usually asymptomatic, but infectious; also possible condyloma, anal - genital cancer

Can treatment: can not cure infection, but can be removed and the warts can be prevented through vaccination

 

Sharp turbidity warts

Men and women: genital warts is due to the process of sexual contact due to the spread of the virus. Usually in the genital, perianal and throat and around the growth of small clusters疣体. According to the different parts, can疣体pink, brown or gray, soft texture; also can be sallow, hard texture. Not uncommon.

If not treated: genital warts genital area can cause damage shape, the appearance of ugly. After treatment may not cause permanent damage.

 

Trichomoniasis

Women: the disease is a vaginal infection, the vast majority of it is spread through sexual intercourse, but can also be wet items such as wet clothing, towels, bath robes, such as the spread. Symptoms include burning sensation when urinating, vaginal discharge kind of bubble, a smell, vaginal swelling.

Male: Male patients are usually asymptomatic, but there may be a small amount of secretion and / or skin lesions, itching feeling.

If not treated: they can cause urinary tract infections.

 

Cases of pelvic inflammatory disease patients

Only women: pelvic inflammatory disease may affect tubal disease, endometriosis and / or ovaries. Usually caused by untreated sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, the disease pathogens by invasive cervical reproductive system. Although the symptoms vary in individuals, but the most common symptoms are pelvic pain site. Other symptoms may include frequent urination and / or burning of urination, sudden fever, nausea or vomiting, unusual vaginal discharge and / or sexual intercourse bleeding or pain.

If not treated: will lead to infertility or ectopic pregnancy.

 

Hepatitis B: virus

Route of transmission: sexual way, needle sharing, blood or mother to child transmission

Main symptoms: number of symptoms, including influenza-like symptoms, dark urine and稀便, and jaundice

Can treatment: can not cure infection, but vaccine to prevent

 

Hepatitis: the virus

Route of transmission: through kissing and sharing eating utensils and other means of oral transmission; licking anus is the main risk

Main symptoms: fatigue, nausea, vomiting

Can treatment: can not cure infection, but vaccine to prevent

 

Scabies mites: parasites

Route of transmission: through skin contact, and occasionally through the clothing, towels, and blankets spread

Main symptoms: itching

Can treatment: insecticide can be cured, and the need to carry out pest control on textile processing

 

Lice: parasitic

Route of transmission: through skin contact, and occasionally through the clothing, towels, and blankets spread

Main symptoms: itching

Can treatment: insecticide can be cured, and the need to carry out pest control on textile processing

 

Content Source:

MSM to promote sexual health peer education and outreach education - peer educators and outreach reference manual

Workplace peer education manual

UNAIDS website http://www.unaids.org.cn

China Red Ribbon Network http://www.chain.net.cn
 
 
 
 
 

[ 作者:佚名    转贴自:本站原创    点击数:196    更新时间:2009-5-12    文章录入:nnb ]

 

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